Means for periodically introducing pulverulent fuels into internal combustion engines



HOLZWARTH 1,810,768 MEANS FOR'PERIODICALLY INTRODUCING PULVERULENT 4Sheets-Sheet 1 June 16, 1931.

FUELS INTO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jun'e 12, 1929 H. HOLZWARTH1,810,768 MEANS FOR PERIODICALLY INTRODUCING PULVERULENT June 16, 1931.

FUELS INTO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 'Filed June 12, 1929 O 4sheets-sheet 2 Fig. 3

fizyen/or 0/3 n/a V155 June 16, 1931; H. HOLZWARTH I MEANS FORPERIODICALLY INTRODUCING PULVERULENT FUELS INTO INTERNAL COMBUSTIONENGINES Filed June 12, 1929 f 3 rp i /nren/ar W V G HOLZWARTH MEANS FORPERIODICALLY INTRODUCING PULVERULENT 4 SheetsSheet 4 Filed June 12, 1929Fig.6

4 2% "W a, e /3 z w Patented June 16, 1931 UNITED STATES,

PATENT OFFICE HANS HOLZWARTH, or- DUSSELDORF, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR 'roHoLzwA'R'rfI Gas run, BINE 00., or sen FRANCISCO, cALIroa'mA, ACORPORATION or DELAWARE MEANS FOR PERIODICALLY INTRODUCING PULVERULi'ENTFUELS INTO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Application filed June 12, 1929,Seria1 No. 370,312, and in Germany April 3, 1928.

Means for periodically introducing pulverulent fuels into internalcombustion engines have hitherto been constructed by pro viding inpiston valves annular recesses of definite volume, correspondingapproximately to the consumption of fuel in one working cycle,-andplacing these chambers, by axial movement of the valve, in communicationat one time with the fuel-supply pipe, and at another time with thepipes leading directly to the atomizing valvesor to the combustionchambers. 'The volume of the charging chamber of the piston valve isaltered by special means in'accordance with the load on the internalcombustion engine. Though such devices are so advantageous in manyrespects, they also exhibit great disadvantages, owing to the fact thatpositively moved important machine parts are directly subjected to theinfluence of the pulverulent fuel, particularly coal dust. The latterpenetrates between the metallic surfaces slidingone upon another andforms between them a layer which continually becomes tougher until withincreasing friction andconsumption of work of the controlled members anultimate seizing thereof takes placefwith breakage of some workingparts.

The object of the present invention is to obviate these difficulties,primarily by withdrawing those machine parts which slide one 1 uponanother, and which are kept as limited as possible in number, from thedirect influence of the pulverulent fuel, or, in so far as thearrangment thereof within reach of the pulverulent fuel is unavoidable,by constructing them in such a way that penetration of fuel dust iseither impossible or harmless. The present invention solves this problemby providing, for the: intermittent shutting off of the fuel supply,that the tube, or a special portion thereof, serving for the supply offuel, bears on an abutment lying transversely to its longitudinal axis,while for the intermittent opening of the fuel supply, the parts thatare superposed in the shut-off posit-ion are moved away from oneanother. For this two methods are available. tube or a movable portionthereof serving .for supplying the fuel may be movable, while Either thethe abutment may be rigidly supportedin the machme frame, or else thetube serving for supplying the fuel may-be arranged in kinv emat creversal rigidly in the machine frame and the abutment itself may bemovably arranged. Irre'spectively of whether the abutment or the pipeservingfor supplying the fuel is movable or rigidly arranged, theconstruction of; the device is then effected in such a way that thedisadvantages of the know removed from the fuel dust and soconstructtitatively measured from time to time, is obtained. It is knownthat the fuel dust, ground throughout to colloidal fineness, has theproperty of caking together into solid pieces at a. low pressure. Suchpressures already arise when the column of coal'dust is subjected tochanges of direction. If the abutment is constructed as a circular conelocated concentrically in relation to the fuelsupply pipe, and is freelycarried by the connecting pipe, likewise concentric with the supplypipe, and leading to the consumption point, over ribs or the like, thefuel dust flows almost rectilinearly, without any sharper deflection ofcurrent, from the fuel-supply pipe into the measuring chamber, and fromthe measuring chamber into the connecting pipe leading to theconsumption point. At no single .point does the possibility arise ofadhesion or impact of the coal dust, so that caking of the fuel dust isreliably avoided.

1 iii In adaptation to the varying loads on the internal combustionengine fed with thefuel dust, the quantity of fuel dust to be suppliedin each working cycle must be varied. In an approximate manner thatmight be done by altering the stroke of the fuel-supply pipe or of themoving part thereof. Such devices involve however a comparativelycomplicated controlling rod mechanism and exert a comparatively highback pressure upon the gov ernor that effects the adaptation. In afurther development of the invention, therefore, the movable portion ofthe charging device, controlled with invariable stroke, for theperiodical introduction of the fuel, is. surrounded by a sleeve movablerelatively thereto, the distance of which from the abutment, preferablyadjusted in dependence upon the engine governor, regulates. the quantityof fuel to be supplied to the consumption point in each working cycle ofthe internal combustion engine. Hence not only is a very simplecontrolling drive for the moving portion of the charging deviceobtained, but also a satisfactory regulating, with a minimum requirementof regulating power.

Now since during one opening stroke, the cylindrical slide valve-likeportion of the fuel-supply pipe moved away from the abutment, or theabutment moved away from the fuel-supply pipe, has allowed a quantity offuel, dividedofi by the position of the sleeve, to pass out of thefuel-supply pipe into the measuring chamber between the sleeve and theabutment, this measured quantity of fuel must be supplied to theconsumption point. This measuring chamber, therefore, which-is shut offfrom the connecting pipe to the consumption point by a referablyresilient means such as 'indiarub er ring, an indiarubber diaphragm orthe like, which only lets a raised pressure pass to the consumptionpoint. is under the influence of two controlled valves, one of which asa ventilating valve, upon closure of the fuel-dust supply,

drives the measured quantity of fuel introduced into the measuringchamber to the consumption point by inflation, extension or bending ofthe resilient closure member, while the other, as an air vent valve,allows the excess pressure remaining in the measuring chamber to escapeto the atmosphere,

riodical introduction of pulverulent fuels are preferably combined atasingle position when a plurality of consumption points, in

the form for instance of various combustion chambers are present in aninternal c0m-' bustion engine. The supplying of the coal dust to theindividual supply pipes-may then be effected in a great variety of ways.A particularly simple and compact arrange ment is obtained if the supplyconnections of ual charging devices is utilized for feeding in order tofacilitate the access of fuel dust to the measuring chamber during thenext working cycle. The driving air admitted-by the ventilating valve isthen supplied to the I measuring chamber through a fine annular gap, sothat the divided quantity of fuel dust located in the measuring chamberis carried away in a thin layer by the film .o r veil of air formed, andin this way a fine distribution thereof through the .quantity of airguided to the consumption point and serving as a carrying means isobtained.

Such charging means serving for the pethe various consumption pointswith fuel dust. Since, however, the delivery volume must be at least sogreat that at maximum load on the internal combustion .engine therequisite quantity of fuel is reliably supplied to the individualconsumption points, there is an excess delivery at lower loads on theinternal combustion engine. This excess de livery is preferably returnedto the fuel storage receptacle through apipe into which a current of airis introduced in the manner of an injector.

The accompanying drawings illustrate one construction example of theinvention, wherein the abutment is movable, whereas the supply pipe isfixed in the machine frame.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation through a single charging devicefonthe line'I,I in Fig. 6, on an enlarged scale,

Figure 2 shows the charging device in a position in which the measuringchamber is just filled with fuel dust, whereas Figure 1 shows a chargingposition in which the fuel dust is being conveyed from the measuringchamber to the consumption point,

Figure 3 is a horizontal section through an individual charging deviceon the line III-III in Fig. 1,

Figure 4 is a horizontal section through the ventilating and air-ventingvalves of an in dividual charging device on the line IVIV in Fig. 1,

Figure 5 shows a view partly in section and partly in outside elevationof an lnternal combustion turbine of the Holzwarth type, with thecoal-dust hopper and the individual charging devices united into asingle piece of apparatus.

Finally Figure 6 gives a front elevation of the internal combustionturbine with the controlling members.

In Figures 5 and 6, 1, 2, 3 and 4: denote the four combustion chambersof an internal combustion turbine of the well known Holzwarthconstruction. In such internal combustion turbines a combustible mixtureis periodically produced, in the combustion chambers, and ignited bymeans of the ignition devices 5. The combustion gases formed are Thevolume of fuel' supplied through nozzle valves 6 and through the nozzles7 to the row ofblades 8 of arotor 9. After their reversal of movement inthe guide blades 10 they are supplied to a second row of blades 11 ofthe rotor 9, and discharged at 12. In order to supply fuel to thecombustion chambers periodically, the following devices are providedworm conveyor 15 revolves.

The fuel dust to be supplied to the internal combustion engine islocated in the fuel hopper 13. The hopper 13 opens into a horizontalcylindrical chamber 14, in which a The worm 15 receives its drivethrough counter-shaft gearing 16 and 17, from an electrical motor 18.Into the cylindrical chamber 14 traversedby the worm conveyor 15 thereopen the supply.

connections 19,20, 21 and 22 of the individual charging devices allottedto the combustion chambers l, 4, 3 and 2 respectively. Figures 1 to*4show such an individual charging device on an enlarged scale. Thus inFig. 1, 19 denotes the-connection for an in dividual charging device towhich coal dust is supplied from the hopper 13 through the worm 1 5 andthe conveyor chamber 14. So long as no delivery of fuelis taking placeto the combustion chamber 1 of the internal combustion engine thecoal-dust suppl' ed to the connection 19 is kept back by an abutment 23,which bears tightly upon the mouth 24 of the connection 19.. The scalingis effected by a packing disc 25, which consists of resilient materialssuch as india rubber or the like, and upon which the mouth 24 of theconnection bears. The packing disc 25 is rigidly connected by a mandrel26 and a screwthreaded closure piece 27 with the body 23 of theabutment. The mandrel 26 further serves, by means of the pressure piece28, for fastening an annular closure member 29 consisting of resilientmaterials, such as india rubber or the'like. The body 23 of the abutmentis carried above ribs 30 by the tubular element 31, which is movablysupported in the machine frame. It is guided on the one hand in theflange 32, by which it is connected with a pipe 33. The pipe 33 leads tothe com bustion chamber'l of the internal combustion turbine, or to theintroducing members connected in series therewith. On the other hand thetubular member 31 is supported in a second tubular member 34 concentrictherewith, with the interposition of a packing 35. The tubular member 34is in its turn movably guided in the cylinder 36 of the charging do- 4vice. The abutment 23 receives its movement ranged upon a camshaft 43,which, as Figure 6 shows, receives :its movement through counter-shaftgearing 17 from the electric motor 18. Now as Figure 2 shows, as soon asthe abutment 23 is removed from the mouth of the connection 24 by meansof the controlling members 43, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42,37 and 31, coal dustpasses out of the connection 19 into the space between the abutment 23,the sleeve 44 andthe closure member 29. The size of this measuringchamber 45, according to a further development of the invention, is tobe variable, to enable the quantity of fuel to be supplied to thecombustion. chamber 1 at each stroke of the controlling members to beadj usted in dependence upon the load on the engine. For this purposethe sleeve 44 is rigidly connected with the tubular member 34. Thetubular member 34 is adjustable in height by means of a steep threadedscrew 46, 47 by rotating the tubular member 37, it being prevented by aslot guide 48, 49 from participating in the rotation of the tubularmember 37. The rotary piece 37 receives rotation by means of its ring ofteeth 50, a toothed pinion 51 meshing with the said ring of teeth, aworm wheel 52 rigidly connected with the said toothed pinion, and a worm53 meshing with the worm wheel. As Figure 3 shows,-,the Worm .53 issecured to a shaft 54, which has to be set in motion by means of a handwheel 55. In this manner the size of the measuring chamber 45 can be"varied by hand, For instance in this way the power output of theinternal combustion turbine can be regulated. [f on the other hand aspeed regulation is to be effected, the engine governor will preferablybe connected to the shaft 54. The chamnection 19 with a small amount ofclearance,

so as to give rise to an annular gap 63, through which the compressedair admitted by the valve 58 obtains access ina fine veil to the chamber45. From the quantity of coal dust located there it carries away fueldust in fine layers, at the same time opening the closure member 29, sothat a uniform distribution of the quantity of coal dust in the airtakes place, which carries the 'coal dust through the pipe 33 to thecombustion chamber 1 of the internal combustion turbine. Figure 1 showsjust the opening of the valve 56 and therefore the conveyance of thequantity of fuel measured in the chamber 45' into the-internalcombustion turbine. Besides the valve 56 a second oil controlled valve57 is of a spring 64, under the action of controlmixed before admissionwith the current of ling oil admitted through a pipe to a controllingpiston 66, as soon as the quantity of coal dust in the chamber 45 hasbeen blown out. In this manner the chamber 45 is placed in communicationwith the atmosphere through the opened valve 57 and relieved of theexcess pressure of the compressed air.

The chamber 45 is therefore prepared forthe next charge. As Figures 1and'3 show, the

cam shaft 43 is supported in a bearin bracket 67, on the casing 68,which unites a l the individual charging devices into one block.

The controlling levers 40 and 41 are rotat ably pivoted by means of ajournal 69 to one cheek 70 of the charging cylinder 36. Recesses 71 and72 :enable the control levers 40 and 41 to be attached to the slip ring42. A shaft 73 carrying the toothed pinion 51 and the worm wheel 52 issupported in bearing shoulders 74 and 7 5 of the charging c linder 36and of the flange 32 respective y. Similarly the worm shaft 54 issupported in bearing brackets 6 and 77 on the casing 68. The entirecharging block is covered at the top by a casing plate 78. rThB quantityof coal dust which is supplied bymeans of the worm 15 to the connections19, 20,21 and 22 of theindividual charging devices and not completelytakenup by them finally passes to the end of the cylindrical worm guide14, and thereby into a pipe 79. The pipe 79 returns the excess coal dustto the hopper.13. In order. that the conveyance of the coal dust may beeffected even against the action of gravity, an injector nozzle isinterposed in the pipe line at 80, and is supplied with compressed airby a pipe 81.

The cam shaft 43 serves at the same time, through a pair of bevel wheels82 and 83, for controllin the distributor 84. The latter consists o arevolving rotary slide valve 85, the interior of which is provided withoil under pressure from a tank 86. To the tank 86, oil under pressure issupplied by an oil pump through a pipe 87. The rotary slide ,valve 85,at definite-times which are determined in advance by recesses 88arranged in various ways in a circle, places the pipe connections 89,90, 91, 65 and 59. in communication with the corresponding connections89, 90, 91, 65 and 59 of the nozzle valves 6, the charging valves 92,the valves arranged in the latter and controlling the injection of,ignition fuel, and the ventilating and air-vent: ing valves. Thecharging air is supplied to the charging valve 92 though a pipe 93.

' From the pipe 93 the charging air passes into the space 94 outsideavalve cage 96 surrounding the charging air valve and provided withbrake nozzles 95. Through the brake nozzles charging air enters theinterior of the valve and is either admitted directly through thecorrespondingly opened valve-closing member 97 into the combustionchamber or is The apparatus described operates in the following mannerSince the combustion chamber'l has to let the combustion gases passthrough the nozzle valve 6to the rotor, charging air passes through theopened charging air valve 97 1nto the combustion chamber and drives outbefore it the residual burnt gas through the Widely opened nozzle valve6. As soon as the last particles of burnt gas'have left the nozzlevalve, the latter closes under the action of the controlling oilcorrespondingly admitted through the pipe 89. The ventilating valve 56then opens in the associated charging device, so thatthe quantity ofcoal dust pre;

viously admitted into the correspondingly here 43, 38, 39, 40, 41 and 31having removed itself from the connection 19. Coal dust can then passthrough the connection 19 into the measuring chamber between the sleeve44, the abutment 23 "and'the closure member 29. The compressed airadmitted by means of coal dust and air supplied through the pipe theannular cylinder 63 carries away the the quantity of coal dust locatedin the measuring chamber 45 in a fine layer, so that the quantity ofcoal dust is finely distributed in the carrying air. A furtherdistribution occurs in the interior of the valve 92 by mixing with thecharging air. The combustible mixture formed in this manner in thecombustion chamber is introduced throughlthe pipe 98 into the chargingair valve and controlled as regards its admission to the combustionchamber by means of the controlling oil pipe 91, and made capable ofignition. Immediately after the introduction of the igniting fuel, theignition of the contents ofthe chamber is effected by the sparking plugs5. The nozzle valve 6 is thrown open, and the combustion gases areadmitted through nozzles 7 to the rotary blade system 8, 11 of the rotor9, so that the latter is set in rotation.

What has been explained for the combustionchamber 1 also applies to' theother combustion-chambers of the turbines.

What I claim is v 9 1. Apparatus for the periodical supply ofpulverulent fuels in internal combustion engines comprising incombination a fuel supply pipe, means for supplying 1 the hollow space.of the fuel supply pipe with pulverulent fuel, an abutment locatedtransversely to the fuel-supply pipe and adapted to cover; with itssurface the inlet of the fuel supply pipe and to shut off the supply offuel, the surface of said abutment being con-v tinuous on the sideopposite the fuel supply pipe and actuating means for moving theabutment and the inlet edge of the fuel supply pipe from one another foropening the 5 fuel supply. j

2. Apparatus for the periodical supply of pulverulent fuels in internalcombustion engines comprising in combination a stationary fuel supplypipe, means for supplying the hollow space of the stationary fuel supplypipe with pulverulent fuel, a-movable abutment located transversely tothe fuel supply pipe and adapted to cover with its surface the inlet ofthe fuel supply pipe in order to shut off the supply of fuel, actuatingmeans for moving the abutment away from the inlet edge of the fuelsupply pipe for opening the fuel supply, the controlling means adapted.for moving the abutment being providedon the side of the abutmentopposite the fuel supply pipe. 1

3. Apparatus for the periodical supply of pulverulent fuels in internalcombustion engines comprising in combination a station-. a'ry'fuelsupply pipe, means for supplying the hollow space of the stationary fuelsupply pipe with pulverulentfuel, a movable abutment located{transversely to the fuel supply pipe and adapted to cover, with itssurface the inlet ofthe fuel supply pipe in order to shut ofi the supplyof fuel, a fuel pipe extending from the abutment to the consumptionpoint, a tubular connecting member which is movably mounted in the saidfuel pipe and carries the abutment, actuating means for moving theabutment with the said tubular connecting member away from the inletedge ofthe fuel supply pipe .for opening the fuel supply.

4. Apparatus for the periodical introduction of pulverulent fuels intointernal combustion engines, comprising a stationary fuel supply pipe, amovable circular' abutment adapted to bear concentrically against thefuel supply p1pe and thereby shut off the supply of fuel, a fuel pipeleading from the abut-' ment to the engine, a tubular connecting.

member co-axialwith and longitudinally movable in the said fuel pipe,the said tubular connecting member freely carrying the abutment, ribsinterposed between the tubular connecting member and'1lie abutment, andactuating means for moving the said tubularconnecting member to bringthe abut ment into and out of contact with the fuel supply pipe.

\ 5. Apparatus for the periodical intro ducmember co-ax'ial with andlongitudinally means, a measuring chamber tion of pulverulent fuels intointernal combustion engines, comprising agfuel supply pipe, a transverseabutment adapted to bear against the fuel supply pipe, actuating meansfor separating the bearing surfaces of the fuel supply pipe and theabutment from one another to allow fuel to pass and bringing themtogether again to shut off the supply of fuel, the said actuating meansreciprocating with constant stroke, a sleeve adjustably mounted on, the.reciprocati-n actuating hounded by the sleeve and adapted to be filledwith fuel from the fuel supply-pipe when the abutment .is separatedtherefrom, and means for varying the capacity of the measuring chamber'by adjusting the sleeve on the reciprocating actuating means.

7. Apparatus for the periodical intro'duction of pulverulent fuels intointernal combustion engines, comprising a fuel supply pipe, a transverseabutment adapted to bear against the fuel supply pipe, actuating meansfor separating the bearing surfaces of the fuel supply pipe and theabutment from one another to allow fuel to pass. and bringing themtogether again to shutoff the supply of fuel, the said actuating meansreciprocating with constant stroke, a sleeve adjustably mounted on thereciprocating actuating means, a measuring chamber bounded by the sleeveand adapted tobe filled with fuel from the fuel supply pipe when theabutmentis separated therefrom, and means for automatically varyingthecapacity of the measur-' ing chamber according to the load on themovable in the said fuel pipe, the said tubu lar connecting memberfreely carrying the engine, by adjusting the sleeve on thereciprocarting actuating means.

8. 'App'aratus for the periodical i-ntroduction of pulverulent fuelsinto internal combustion engines, comprising a fuel supply j..rp ipe, atransverse abutment adapted to bear against the fuel supply pipe,actuating means for separating the bearing surfaces of the fuel supplypipe and the abutment from one another to allow fuel to ,pass' andbringing them together again to shut off the supply of fuel, a sleevemounted on the said actuating means, a measuring chamber-bounded by theabutment and the sleeve, a yielding closure fuel pipe leadingtotheengine, a positively controlled valve adapted to' admit com pressedair to the measuring chamber, when the supply of fuel thereto is cutofif, to drive the measured quantityof fuel out of the 9 bustionengines, comprising aplurality of 9. Apparatus for the periodicalintroduc- L' tion of pulverulent fuels into internal com bustionengines, comprising a fuel supply pipe, a transverse abutment adapted tobear against the fuel supply pipe, actuating means for separating thebearing surfaces of the fuel supply pipe and the abutment from oneanother to allow fuel to pass and bringing them together again to shutoff the supply, of fuel, a sleeve mounted on the said actuating means,an annular measuring chamber bounded by the abutment and the sleeve, ayielding closure such as an annular india rubber diaphragm separatingthe measuring chamber fromthe fuel pipe leading to the engine, apositively controlled valve adapted to admit an annular jet ofcompressed air to the measuring chamber, when the supply of fuel theretois cut off, to drive the measured quantity of fuel out of the measuringchamber, in the form of a fine annular veil of air and fuel, throu htheyielding closure, into the fuel pipe leading to the engine, and a secondpositively controlled ,valve adapted to allow any excess pressureremaining in the measuring chamber after the expulsion of the fuel toescape to the atmosphere.

10. Apparatus for the periodical introduction of pulverulent'fuels intointernal combustion engines, comprising a plurality of combustionchambers, a separate fuel supply pipefor each combustio'nlchamber,separate transverse abutments, one adapted to bear against each fuelsupply pipe, actuating means for separating the bearing surfaces of thefuel supply pipes and the abutments from one another to allow fuel topass and bringing'them together again to shut off the supply of fuel,the-said actuating means reciprocating with constant stroke, collectivedriving and controlling means for all of the said actuating means,sleeves adjustably mounted 'on the reciprocating actuating means,measuring chambers, one bounded by each sleeve, adapted to be filledwith fuel from the fuel supply pipes when the abut ments are separatedtherefrom, and means for varying the capacity of all the measuringchambers simultaneously by adjusting the sleeves on the reciprocatingactuating means.

r 11." Apparatus for the periodical introduction of pulverulent fuelsinto internal comcombustion chambers, a separate fuel supply pipe foreach combustion chamber, a common fuel chamber out of which all the fuelsupply pipes open, a fuel storage receptacle adapted to supplyfuelto'the common fuel adapt chamber, a worm conveyor in the common fuelchamber, adapted to convey fuel from the storage receptacle to thevarious fuel sup ply pipes, separate transverse abutments, one adaptedto bear against each fuel supply pipe, and actuating means forseparatingthe earing surfaces of the fuel supply pipes and bustionengines, comprising a plurality of combustion chambers, a separate fuelsupply pipe for each combustion chamber, a common fuelchamber out ofwhich all the fuel supply pipes open, a fuel storage receptacle d tosupply fuel to the common fuel chamber, a worm conveyor in the. commonfuel chamber, adaptedto convey fuel from the storage receptacle to thevarious fuel supply pipes, separate transverse abutments, one adapted tobear against each fuel supply pipe, actuating means for separating thebearing surfaces of the fuel supply pipes and the abutments from oneanother to allow fuel to pass and bringing them together again to shutoff the supply of fuel, a pipe for returning unused fuel from the end ofthe commonfuel chamber to the fuel storage receptacle, an injectorinserted in the said return pipe, and means for supplying compressed airto, the injector to drive the said unused fuel into the storagereceptacle.

13. Apparatus for the periodical introduction of pulverulent fuels intointernal combustion engines, comprising a fuel supply pipe, a transverseabutment adapted to bear against the fuel su ply pipe and thereby shutoff the supply of uel, a bearing surface consisting ofresilient'material such as 1nd1arubber on the abutment where it comesinto I contact with the fuel supply pipe, and actuating means forseparating the bearing surfaces of the fuel supply pipe and the abutmentfrom one another to allow, fuel to pass.

14. Apparatus for the periodical introduction of pulverulent fuels intointernal comfrom the storage receptacle to the various.

fuelsupply pipes, a pipe for returning un-f used fuel from the end ofthecommon fuel chamber to the fuel storage receptacle, an injectorinserted in the said return pipe, means for supplying compressed air tothe injector to drive the said unused fuel into the storage receptacle,separate movable conical abutments, one adapted to bear concentricallyagainst each fuel supply pipe,*abear- -ing surface consisting ofresilient material such as india rubber on each abutment where it comesinto contact with the fuel supply pipe, fuel pipes leading from theabutments to the combustion chambers, tubular connecting membersco-axial with and longitudinally movable'i'n the said fuel pipes, thesaid tubular connecting members freely carrying the abutments, ribsinterposed between the tubular connecting members and the abutments,actuating means for moving the said tubular connecting members tobringthe abutments into and out of contact with the fuel supply pipes,the said actuating means reciprocating with constant stroke, collectiveK driving and controlling means for all of the said actuating means,sleeves adjustably mounted on the reciprocating actuating means, annularmeasuring chambers, bound 7 ed by the abutments and the sleeves, adaptedto be filled with fuel from the fuel supply pipes when the abutments arenot in" contact therewith, means for automatically varying thecapacityof all the measuring chambers. according to the load on theengine by simultaneously adjusting the sleeves on the recipro'catingactuating means, yielding closures such as annular 'indiarubber,ditphragms separating-the measuring chambers from the I fuel pipesleading to the combustion chambers, positively controlled valves adaptedto admit annular jets of compressed air to the v measuring chambers,when the supply of fuel thereto is cut off,to drive the measuredquantities of fuel out of the measuring chambers,

in the form of fine annular veils of air and fuel, through the yieldingclosures, into'the fuel pipes leading to the combustion cham bers, andother positively controlled valves adapted to allow any excesspressureremaining in-the measuringchambers after the ex-.

name to this specification;

' pulsion of the fuel to escape to the atmosphere. 7

In testimony whereof I'have signed m -Ns HOLZWARTH.

